Carpet bombing of Tutukhan hill, northwest of Kabul, during 2nd phase of the U.S air war

Appendix 4: Daily Casualty Count of Afghan Civilians Killed in U.S Bombing Attacks
http://www.cursor.org/stories/casualty_count.htm

Compiled by and excerpted from Marc W. Herold, "A Dossier on Civilian Victims of United States' Aerial Bombing of Afghanistan: A Comprehensive Accounting" [Durham, N.H,: unpublished manuscript, Departments of Economics and Women's Studies, University of New Hampshire, December 2001]. Professor Herold [B.Sc., M.B.A., Ph.D Econ] has been on the faculty of the University of New Hampshire since the fall of 1975, specializing in the area of Third World economic and social development.

Index to abbreviations of news sources

October 7

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Private residences	Kabul	22-25	2 cruise missiles		FP 10/14/01, BBC News
Omar's residence	Kandahar	2			ITAR-TASs 10/8/01
Kandahar	Kandahar	2	bomb	aimed at arms depot, kills family of Abdul Baqi	Ashville Global Report News 11/15-21/01
Herat	Herat	9	bomb		Pak Obs. 10/9/01
Jalalabad	Jalalabad	4	missiles, bombs		PNS 10/9/01
radar on hill near Kabul airport, hits hamlet Bibi Mahru	Kabul		bombs		Guardian 12/1/01

October 8

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Homes near airport	Nangarhar	2	2 missiles	ice-cream vendor, child killed	PNS, 10/9/01
homes near Kabul TV station	Kabul		bomb	three Kabul targest on Mo. night. Hit 3 targets incl. airport, TV, Mountain	India Express 10/9/01, Chi. Trib. 10/8/01
home near Kabul airport	Kabul	20	bomb		India Express 10/9/01, Chi. Trib. 10/8/01, LAT 10/9/01, T of I 10/8/01
near to 400-bed women's hospital , Wazir Akhar Khan area	Kabul	19?	bomb		India Express 10/9/01, Chi. Trib. 10/8/01
Kandahar	Kandahar		4 bombs dropped		BBC News 10/9/01
radio station	Kabul	10	bomb	hit residences nearby	Irish Times 10/8/01

October 9

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
UN Technical Agency	Kabul	4-6	Tomahawk cruise missile	obliterates UN de-mining agency	AFP 10/24/01, FP 10/15/01, WP 10/10/01, LAT 10/9/01, Indep. 10/4/01
Deh Sabz village, 25kms. No. Kabul	Kabul		stray missile	injuries, destroys houses	T of I 10/10/01
Yaka Toot, 2 mi. East of Kabul	Kabul	"Kills men"	cruise missile	misses short-wave radio site	Guardian 10/10/01

October 10

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Sultanpur mosque	Jalalabad	15-17-70	bomb	mosque bombed during prayer	AFP, Oct. 24 th, FP 10/15/01, WP 10/10/01, LAT 10/09/01, Indep. 10/04/01
Sultanpur mosque	Jalalabad	[120]	bombed	bombed again as rescuers at work	Indep. 10/13/01, W for Ch 10/22/01
Homes	Kabul	10	missiles	homes near the Old Customs house	BBC News 10/11/01, PNS 10/12/01
Kandahar	Kandahar	10-15	bombs		BBC News 11/11/01 cites UN Officials
Mazar-i-Sharif	Balkh	25	bombs		www.wsws.org
Residential area, Gardez	Paktia	10	bomb		WP 10/14/01
Villages of Daarunta, Torghar, Farmada	Jalalabad area, Nangarhar	28-100			Indep 10/14/01
Maiwand Village	Kandahar			bombed village	FP 10/10/01
Startcor 24 hour strikes			bombs	started round-the-clock bombing and using 5,000 lb bunker buster bombs	The Herald 10/12/01

October 11

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Karam Village, 30 kms. Jalalabad	Nangarhar	160-200	bombs	small shepherd, mud mountain village destroyed. Dozens collapsed houses	FP 10/17/01, AFP 10/14/01, AFP 10/24/01, Observer 10/04/01, Indep. 10/13/01, 10/15/01
Village near Kabul airport	Kabul	4+	bomb	bomb off course due to technical error	AFP 10/24/01
Qala-e-Chaman village near airport	Kabul	1	bomb	kills 12 yr old	BBC News 10/29/01
Arghandab town, no.of Kandahar	Kandahar	10	bomb		Indep. 10/13/01
Gachkhana and Lowala districts, in e. and no. Kandahar	Kandahar	18	bombs		PNS 10/12/01, OTN 10/11/01
Majpoorbal village near Jalalabad	Nangarhar	"many"	bomb	AP photo exists	The Tribune (India) 10/16/01
Kunduz	Kunduz	18	bomb		AIP in The Scotsman 10/22/01
Sorkhrod mosque 7 Kms. e of Jalalabad	Nangarhar		bomb		AFP 10/11/01
Daman district of Kandahar	Kandahar		bomb		AFP 10/11/01

October 12

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Mazar-i-Sharif	Balkh	20	bomb		UN Sources
Kandahar	Kandahar	10	bomb	father buries son	Telegraph 10/15/01
Kunduz mosque	Kunduz	23	bomb	mosque bombed during prayer time	Pak. Obs. 10/13/01
Qargha area residences	Kabul	6	bomb	6 killed in house	Guardian 10/13/01, Indep. 10/13/01
Kabul	Kabul	1	bomb		Pak. Obs. 10/15/01
	Afghanistan		B-52s	B-52s are deployed for first time, dropping deadly cluster bombs	Guardian 10/12/01

October 13

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Qilla Meer Abas hamlet, 2 Kms. so. of airport	Kabul	4	F-18 drops 2000 lb. JDAM	bomb fell one mile off target	Guardian 10/15/01, LAT 10/14/01, FP 10/14/01, Pak. Obs. 10/14/01, BBC News 10/29/01
Jalalabad and Kandahar	Nangarhar and Kandahar	13		huge number of fatalities in these two heavily bombed regions	PNS 10/14/01, FP 10/15/01
Qala-e-Wakel village near airport	Kabul	1	bomb	6 houses destroyed. 18yr old girl killed	BBC News 10/13/01; Rawa org.
Kandahar	Kandahar		"severly bombed"		FP 10/15/01
Int'l telephone exchange	Kabul	-	bombed	destroyed Chinese-built tel. exch. cuthing off all int'l calls	BBC News 10/15/01
Market place in Mazar-i-Sharif	Balkh	5		bomb fell in central market place	S. Bunker of the U.N.
w. Afghanistan	Bagdhis	[12]	bombing	12 killed and 32 injured	AP 10/15/01, citing Taliban data

October 14

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Residential area of Kabul	Kabul	4	F18 drops 500 lb. JDAM	missed airport by 1 mile	BBC News 10/14/01, SMH 10/15/01, FP 10/15/01
High-tension power lines	Kandahar	-	bomb		PNS 10/16/01
Bala-Hissar 6 th century fortress in S.W district	Kabul	-	bombs	reduced to rubble	Seattle PI.com 10/15/01

October 15

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Qua-Nau, capital of province	Badghis	12	bombs	overnight attack	Pak. Obs. 10/16/01, AIP cited in Arab News 10/16/01
Main power station in n.e.Kabul	Kabul	12		cut electricity to Kabul for 2 days	T of I 10/19/01, BBC News 10/23/01, FP 10/17/01
Hospital and homes	Kandahar	5-13	strafed by AC 130S	5 killed when seeking treatment	PNS 10/17/01, BBC News 10/16/01, Arab News 10/16/01
no. district of Mazar-i-Sharif	Balkh	2-5	bombs	hit homes during marriage ceremony	PNS 10/17/01, OTN 10/16/01
Morgai and Gerekhil villages in e.Jalalabad	Nangarhar	1+	bombs	one jet drops 3 large bombs on western edge of city	Pak. Obs. 10/16/01, OTN 10/15/01
Spin Ghar hills of Parachinar	Pakistan	-	missile	cruise missile lands in shepherd village,killing sheep and goats	Arab News 10/16/01

October 16

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Central Kabul	Kabul	1	2000 lb. bomb JDAM	Hit Red Cross warehouse, injuring one Aimed at Talib vehicles. 35% of stored food is destroyed	AFP 10/24/01, Rawa.org, FP 10/18/01
Qala-e-Mohammed District of Mazar	Balkh	2			OTN 10/16/01
Qishala Jaleel District of Kunduz	Kunduz	5			OTN 10/16/01
Bibi Mehro District	Kabul	5			OTN 10/16/01
2 Trucks Fleeing Kandahar	Kandahar	7-20			Dawn 10/18/01, AP 10/17/01 AIP data
Bagh-e-Pul, western neigborhood	Kandahar	13			Dawn 10/18/01, AP 10/17/01 AIP data
Chinoi neighborhood	Kandahar	15			Dawn 10/18/01, AP 10/17/01 AIP data
Kandahar	Kandahar	-	Ac130s and Navy jets	Mo/Tues night very heavy attacks on city.10:30 pm-morning Ac 130s first used.	Indep. 10/17/01, FP 10/17/01, Albalagh 11/4/01
Lal Mohammed village, 19 mi. n.w. of Kandahar	Kandahar	4	bomb	target was nearb Talkib military base	FP 10/17/01
clinic in Daman district of Kandahar	Kandahar	5	AC-130		FP 10/18/01
Panjwaee district	Kandahar	9	bomb	house collapsed on family	FP 10/17/01

October 17

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Fleeing refugee vehicles hit	Kandahar and Jalalabad		bombed	bomb hits truck full of fleeing refugees from Chunai, in Kandahar	AFP 10/24/2001, T of I 10/19/01, HT 10/18/01
Kabul	Kabul	-	AC 130S	first deployed in Kabul	Pak. Obs. 10/18/01, PNS 10/18/01
Boy's school	Kabul	-	2000 lb bomb	did not explode	PNS 10/18/01
Fuel depot near Mudad Chowk residential area	Kandahar	8+ - 17	bomb	depot explodes destroying homes and shops	PNS 10/18/01, Pak. Obs. 10/18/01, HT 10/18/01
Kunduz	Kunduz	8	bomb	houses and 2 clinics	OTN 10/1701, OTN 10/18/01
Fuel depot in Khair Khana area	Kabul	5-7	bomb	bombs hit houses	Indep. 10/17/01, Chic.Trib. 11/21/01
Kandahar homes and stores	Kandahar	40-47	bombs, rockets	center Kandahar hit by rockets, Mada Chowk area near Ministry bldg.	Indep. 10/17/01, Albalagh 11/4/01
Home	Kabul	1	bomb	Kills Mahammer Pardis	Chic. Trib. 11/21/01
Apt. complex	Kabul	1	bomb	6 yr. old girl	Chic. Trib. 11/21/01
Fuel storage area	Kabul		bomb	set off huge fire, forcing firefighters to flee	Canadapress news citing the A.P. 10/17/01
Truck carrying cooking oil	Kandahar	3	cruise missile	truck carrying cooking oil out of Kandahar, broke down, hit next day	Albalagh 11/4/01

October 18

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Qala-e-Zaman, Khan suburb, 5 kms east of Kabul	Kabul	8-10	bomb	kills 5 family members, 6 houses destroyed	FP 10/19/01, Dawn 10/19/01, OTN 10/18/01, T of I 10/19/01
Macroyan housing complex in east Kabul	Kabul	1	bomb	at II a bomb hits housing complex kills 14 yr. old girl	FP 10/19/01, Dawn 10/19/01, OTN 10/18/01, T of I 10/19/02, Rawa photo
Kandahar market place and residences	Kandahar	10-47	bomb	Sarai Shamali bazaar near Kepten intersection in city center, flattened	Dawn 10/19/01, Reuters 10/20/01, FPO 10/19/01
Truck carrying refugees e-of Jalalabad	Nangarhar	18	missile	destroys whole family	Dawn 10/19/01, of I 10/19/01
Bibi Mahru village, near airport	Kabul	10	Mark 82 500 lb bomb	kills Gul Ahmad, wife, their chidren + 2 neighbor's children	Guardian 12/1/01
CNN off.	Kandahar	-	bombed
Arghandab town, no of Kandahar	Kandahar	10	bomb		Herald Sun 10/19/01
Power supply system Jalalabad	Nangarhar	-	bomb		OTN 10/18/01
Residential area	Kunduz	5	bomb		OTN 10/18/02
Kabul area	Kabul	[40]	bombs	overnight bombing, 18/19	T of I 10/19/01
Khogiani, 40 kms. s.w of Jalalabad	Nangarhar	10	bomb	village hit	T of I 10/19/02

October 19

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Tarin Kot	Uruzgan	20-32	bombs		Indep. 10/25/01, R.L. Barry
Kalawaqil district near Kabul airport	Kabul	10	bomb	3 waves of night attacks on Kabul	Times 10/21/01, FP 10/20/01
Civilian homes and a bus	Kandahar	"numbers of civilians"	bomb		Znet letter of Joel Lee
Shopping area in central Madad district	Kandahar	"many"	bombs	bazaar badly damaged as US planes attacked gov't bldg	FP 10/22/01, Reuters 10/20/01

October 20

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
3 villages-Suliman, Nawabad, Bagh-e-Desht	Herat	15	bombs		PNS 10/22/01
Herat area	Herat	(60-70)	bombs	Fri-Sun. Deaths around Herat	PNS 10/22/01
N. Kabul residential area	Kabul		F14 drops two 500 lb bombs	target was parked trucks	Daily News 10/2401
Kandahar	Kandahar	50	bombs		BBC News 10/19/01, Reuters 10/20/01

October 21

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Tractor and trailer near Tarin Kut	Uruzgan	20+	Bombed	20 people inc. 9 children killed when tractor and trailer they were using to flee was hit	AFP 10/24/01
Parod Gajadad district of Khair Khana In N.E. Kabul	Kabul	8-10-13	stray bomb	bomb kills 9 from same family, destroys 2 homes. Raid kills 3 women, 4 boys, 6 men	WP 10/24/01, AFP 10/24/2001, Rawa Org Photo, FP 10/23/01
Kaluezaman Khan neighborhood	Kabul	5	bombed	5 members of family and 6 houses destroyed	FP 10/23/01
Macroyan area	Kabul	1	Bomb	8-yr old girl	FP 10/23/01
Village, Thori	Kandahar	23	bomb	farming village near Taliban base	Times 10/25/01, HRW 10/26/01, Times 11/01/01
Front-line no. Of Kabuk around Bagram	Kabul	-	bombs	first heavy bombing of frontlines	BBC News 10/21/01
Military hospital and mosque	Herat	100	F18 drops 1000 lb cluster bomb	destroys 200-bed hospital and nearby mosque. Miss target by 300 feet	Dawn 10/28/01, PNS 10/23/01, T of I 10/25/01, AFP 10/24/01
Residential area of Khair Khana	Kabul	18		17 homes detroyed. 8 members family killed missed base 1/2 mi-away, village bombed	Dawn 10/24/01, PNS 10/22/01, FP 10/22/01, AFP 10/24/01, Indep. 10/21/01, Guardian 10/27/01
Tarin Kut	Uruzgan	[11]
Kandahar city	Kandahar	3	bombs	3 killed and 8 injured	FP 10/22/01 citing AIP

October 22

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Khair Khana District	Kabul	4	bomb		Dawn 10/24/01
Four Fuel Tructs	Herat-kandahar higway	5 drivers +	bombs		Pak. Obs. 10/24/0, Guardian 10/23/01
Four Fuel Tructs	Herat-kandahar higway	5 drivers +	bombs		Pak. Obs. 10/24/0, Guardian 10/23/01, Al Jazeera video
Shakar Qala Village near Herat	Herat	9-15	cluster bombs	bombed village	Guardian 10/23/01, Sg.News 10/25/01
Daman area, 15 kms. So. Of Kandahar	Kandahar	4-25	bomb	bomb village	Guardian 10/23/01, Pak. Obs. 10/24/01, Dawn 10/26/01
Home in Kabul	Kabul	1	bomb	bombed meeting of indep. Afghan	Indep. 10/30/01
2 clinics, shops	Uruzgan	18	bomb		OTN 10/22/01
homes and shops	Uruzgan	[80-90]	bombs		Pak. Obs. 10/23/01
Herat doctors	Herat	-	-	report poisoned patients (DU?)
Herat WFP warehouse	Herat	-	bomb	UM's WTP warehouse bombed	Dawn 10/24/01
Mazar-i-Sharif	Balkh	5	bomb		Pak. Obs. 10/23/01
Clinic and mosque	Paktia	"unspecified no. of civilians"	bomb		Znet letter, Joel Lee

October 23

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Chowkar Kariz village	Kandahar	52-90-93	AC 130's	obliterates village in night of 22/23	AFP 10/24/01, Dawn 10/26/01, 11/2/01, Indep. 11/04/01, Al Jazeera
Qalaye Shatir District of Herat	Herat	15	bombs	early am attack on mosque	Dawn 11/02/01, Pak. Obs. 10/24/01, AFP 10/24/01
Daarul Aman area S. of Kabul	Kabul	25	bombs		Pak. Obs. 10/24/01
Oil depot	Kandahar	15	bombs	oil depots set ablaze	Daily News 10/24/01, Pak. Obs. 10/24/01
Sarpoza and Daman Districts of Kandahar	Kandahar		bombs		Pak. Obs. 10/24/01
Kala Shah Pir village and mosque	Kandahar	45	bomb		Pak. Obs. 10/24/01
Factories	Kabul	-	bomb		PNS 10/24/01

October 24

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Ishaq Sulaiman village and mosque, wester Herat	Herat	9-20	8-9 cluster bombs	village located 500-1000 meters from target. Overnight attack	Herald 10/26/01, SABC 10/28/01 citing UN ; T of I 10/25/01, AFP 10/25/01, Reuters 10/25/01
Gora Tangi arca	Paktia		bombed by2 planes		Dawn 10/26/01
Tarin Kot	Uruzgan	12-	bomb	early am bombing	Oman Observer 10/25/01
Tarin Kot rural road, tractor and trailer	Uruzgan	20-30	bombs	hit refugees fleeing	BBC News 10/29/01, Irish Times 10/27/01, AFP 10/24/01
Kandahar	Kandahar	8	bomb	8 nomads die	Dawn 10/26/01
Douri hamlet near Kandahar	Kandahar	25	bomb		Telegraph 10/25/01, OTN 10/25/01

October 25

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Kandahar bus station	Kandahar	10-20	bomb	hit bus full of people in station, near Kabul gate	Guardian 10/26/01, Dawn> 10/26/01, Reuters cited by Afghan News Net 10/25/01
Kandahar	Kandahar	8		nomads killed	Reuters cited by Afghan News net 10/25/01
Shakar Qala in Herat area	Herat	9	cluster bombed	residential areas of Heart	PNS 10/26/01, T of I 10/26/01, Herald Sun 10/27/01
Takhatul Aman village in Koshar area	Herat	16+	bombed	village bombed: 16 killed and 23 wounded	PNS 10/26/01, FP 10/26/01

October 26

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Wazir Akbar Khan residential area, 3 kms west of airport	Kabul	4	bomb	3 children, 1 adult die in well-off suburb	Guardian 10/27/01, PNS 10/27/01, BBC News 10/29/01, Indep. 10/26/01
Red Cross bldg.	Kabul	-	bombed	8 tons of bombs dropped, which set 3 warehouses ablaze	Indep. 10/27/01, AFP 10/26/01, FP 10/29/01
Comm. training center in E. Kabul	Kabul	7	bombed	night and dawn raids	PNS 10/27/01, FP 10/27/01

October 27

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Khan Agaha village, Kapisa valley	N.E. of Kabul, Kapisa	(10+)-18	F-18 bombs	35 bombs dropped at mouth of Kapisa valley. One bomb hit mud timber house, killing family of 10	SABC 10/28/01, Sky News TV Emergency Italian cites 18 dead, SABC 10/28/01
3 villages oh Kabul, Ghanikhel, Ragi and Nickail	Kabul	9-16	bombed, F-18 drops 500 lb bombs	village in no. Alliance territory, 3 front-line villages hit reports from italian medics. Story of Koko Gol.	Indep. 10/29/01, Dawn 10/28/01, PNS 10/27/01 - 10/28/01, FP 10/29/01 - 10/30/01, LAT 10/29/01, Reuters 10/28/01
Tagab and Najrab villages	Kapisa	[15]	bombs		FP 10/29/01
Darya Khanah village on Bagram front	Parvan	5-9	bombs	front-line village destroyed	Photo exists FP 10/29/01

October 28

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Kabul neighborhood of Qala-e-khater in Char Qala district	Central Kabul	9	bombs	flattened mud-brick house as wife, 7 children + dad having breakfast and destroyed neigbor house killing 2 children. Early am raid	Dawn 10/29/01, SABC 10/28/01, photo exist, Bus. Day Thailand 10/28/01, AFP 10/28/01 photo
Kabul highway	Kabul	2	bombs	hit minibus with fleeing family	SABC 10/28/01, BBC News 10/30/01
Macroyan district	Kabul	3	bombs		BBC News 10/28/01, FP 10/29/01, PNS 10/28/01, WP 10/28/01
Kabul city	Kabul	[13]		residents report 13 killed on Sunday	FP 10/30/01

October 29

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
House in Kabul	Kabul	[8]	bomb	Kills family of 8. Might be on previous day	Mirror 11/13/01
Jebrael village in w. Herat	Herat	12+1=13	cluster bombing	village bombed, 12 die, 1 child injured died later	T of I 10/31/01
Residential areas	Kabul	25			T of I 10/29/01
Kandahar area	Kandahar	-	heavy bombing renewed		PNS 10/29/01

October 30

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Ragi village, n. of Kabul		2+	bombs	home bombed	SMH 10/30/01
Houses in Kandahar	Kandahar	4	bombed for 5 hours		Dawn 10/31/01
Kalai Nasru and Shakar Dara, 25 kms n. of Kabul	Kabul	12	bombs	2 villages	Herald Sun 10/30/01

October 31

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Kandahar	Kandahar	11-15-25	2000 lb bomb dropped by F-18	4:30am pre-dawn attack on Red Crescent clinic, flattens structure. 25 badly hurt vehicles crushed by masonry bombs fell 600-1000 ft. off-target	FP 11/1/01, AP 10/31/01, AP photo exists. Dawn 11/01/01, Indep. 10/31/01, Times 11/01/01
Jebrael village, in w. Herat	Herat	1+	bombed		AFP report, Sg.News 11/1/01
Kajakai dam, 90 kms n.w. of Kandahar	Helmand	-	bombed	7 U.S. raids on power station of the hydro electric dam	FP 11/02/01
Areas in 4 provinces	Paktika, Nangarhar, Kandahar, Balkh	21	bombed		OTN 11/01/01
Dand Red Cross clinic	Kandahar	"kill civilians"	B-52 bomb		OTN 11/01/01
Baloch and Balini villages	Nagarhar		bombs	12 houses destroyed	OTN 11/01/01

October - no data available

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Munitions dump in Kandahar	Kandahar	1	bomb	explosion kills 1 child and destroys houses

November - no data available

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Near Kandahar	Kandahar	5	bomb		Fox News 11/05/01
Farm	s. Afgh.	8	helicopter gunship	kills family of 8	LAT 11/5/01
Jalalabad area	Nangarhar	"countless civilians"	cluster bombs		Pak. Obs. 11/12/01
Dali Ban village, near Kabul	Kabul	69	bombs		PNS 11/13/01
s. Pakistan	Pakistan	-	cluster bombs	found	T of I 11/14/01
Spin Boldak border town	Kandahar		daily bombings		W P. 11/18/01:AI

November 1

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Gar Way Tangi area	Paktia	2	bombs	border area	Kashmir Times 11/2/01

November 4

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Area n.e.of Herat	Herat	1	bomb		Dawn 11/5/01
Near Mazar-i-Sharif	Balkh		dropped 2 BLU-82 daisy cotter bombs	huge explosions	Mercury 11/7/01

November 5

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Kasbendeh, Kasbendeh village, 80 kms so. of Mazar	Sar-e-Pol	6	bomb	hits houses, kills all, who were Shia Hazaras	Xinhua News Agency 11/5/01citing AIP, T of India 11/5/01
s. and n. of Kabul	Kabul	3	helicopter attacks	attacked Rishkar base in so.	T of India 11/5/01
Herat	Herat	2-4	bombing	attacked Taliban 11th bat. base	T of India 11/5/01; Pak. Obs. 11/6/01
Mazar-a-Sharif residential area	Balkh	10	bombing		T of I 11/05/01
Ogopruk village 70 mi. so. of Mazar	Balkh	36	bombing		T of I 11/05/01
Old Road hotel in Kabul	Kabul	8	bombing		T of I 11/05/01
Samangan and Balkh		15	bombing		Pak. Obs. 11/6/01
Kashatada village	Balkh	6	bombing	6 family members	Pak. Obs. 11/6/01
Airport area	Kabul	3	bombing		Pak. Obs. 11/6/01
N. highway	Kabul		missiles	hit fleeing cars	Pak. Obs. 11/6/01
Rishkar area in s.. Kabul	Kabul	2	helicopter gunship	attack on Rishkor military base	Xinhua News 11/5/01

November 6

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Provinces hit	Kandahar, Samangan, Herat, Balkh, Takkar, Kabul	"dozens killed" (12 est.)	bombs		Pak. Obs. 11/7/01
Paktia center	Paktia	"dozens killed" (12 est.)	bombs		Pak. Obs. 11/7/01

November 7

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Lejah area of Khdram district	Pakistan		bombs	40 US bombs found	Dawn 11/8/01
S. Kabul area	Kabul	10	bomb		Pak. Obs. 11/8/01
Toremuz area, 40 kms from Jalalabad	Nangarhar		bombs		Pak. Obs. 11/8/01
-	-	40		on Wednesday	Pak. Obs. 11/8/01

November 8

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Qazi, Sargich, Khoshad area	Herat	20	bombs	villages	Dawn 11/8/01
Asfaran on Kabul-Bagram road	Kabul	5	bomb	village	Dawn 11/8/01
Sorkrod, 7kms e. of Jalalabad	Nangarhar	5	bomb	village	Dawn 11/8/01
4 civilian cars fleeing Mazar-i-Sharif	Balkh	"kill all"	bombs	bombs hit fleeing cars	Pak. Obs. 11/10/01
Karta Parwan area of Kabul	Kabul	2	bombs		Jang newsp. 11/9/01
Kunar region	Kunar	3	bomb	bombed border area near Pakistan	Jang newsp. 11/9/01

November 9

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Khakrez and Daman villages, n.w. of Kandahar	Kandahar	7-16	bombs	hits close to shrine where villagers hoping to give birth to a son gather	Indep. 11/9/01, PNS 11/10/01, Pak. Obs. 11/10/01
Qara-bargh or Qila-e-Nasra, 50 kms so. of Kabul	Kabul	3-6-15	bombs	village hit	Pak. Obs. 11/10/01, FP 11/13/01
Istalif village	Kabul	4	bombs	village hit	Pak. Obs. 11/10/01, PNS 11/01/01
Kabul city	Kabul		bombing	heavy night bombing on 11/9
2 buses	Kandahar	"kill all passengers"	bomb	2 buses fleeing Kandahar	Pak. Obs. 11/10/01
Kabul suburbs	Kabul		missiles		Pak. Obs. 11/10/01
Hospital	Kandahar	15	bombs	bombs hit hospital in Kandahar, the Mirwais Mina Hospital	PNS 11/10/01, FP 11/10/01
Route on Haji Gak pass, n.w. of Kabul	Kabul	"several people"	bombs	people killed traveling thru the pass	FP 11/10/01, PNS 11/10/01
Qurra Bagh area and Karth Parwan districts of Kabul	Kabul	3	bombs		Tariq Saeed 11/09/01
N. of Kabul	Kabul	9	bombs		Tariq Saeed 11/09/01

November 10

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
3 villages in Khakrez area, ind. Shah Aga, 70 kms n.w. of Kandahar	Kandahar	[133-300], 125 est.	bombs	villages flattened - Shah Aga and Asmanze	Pat. Obs. 11/12/01, Dawn 11/11/01, Herald Sun 11/11/01, AFP report, FP 11/13/01, Al Jazeera 11/11/01
Old and new roads out of Kabul	Kabul	18	bombs		FP 11/13/01

November 11

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Kabul center	Kabul		bombs	10 huge explosions	FP 11/12/01
Bus fleeing on North Road out of Kabul	Kabul	35	bomb	bus bombed - Photo available	Al Jazeera 11/11/01
Maimanuh, capital city	Faryab			heavy US bombardments of the city	FP 11/13/01

November 12

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Ghazni and Jalalabad	Nangarhar		bombs	heavy bombing	FP 11/12/01
Kandahar and Dush Qilla district of Kabul	Kandahar and Kabul	15	bombs		Pak. Obs. 11/13/01

November 13

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
2 houses in Kabul	Kabul		two 500 lb. bombs	hit offices of Al Jazeera and house nearby	Indep. 11/14/01
Bibi Mahru district near Kabul airport	Kabul	1	500 lb. "slid" bomb	kills Ayesha Ghulam	Guardian 12/1/01
Macrorayon housing district	Kabul	6	500 lb. bomb		Guardian 12/1/01

November 14

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Khost	Khost	2	bombs	bombed military base	Pat. Obs. 11/15/01, FP 11/15/01
Paktia	Paktia	3	bombs		Pak. Obs. 11/15/01, FP 11/15/01
Jalalabad area	Nangarhar	4	bombs	6 night bomb runs	Pak. Obs. 11/15/01
Canal in Jalalabad	Nangarhar	-	bomb	hits canal, flood the city	Pak. Obs. 11/15/01
Jalalabad area and Khost	Nangarhar and Khost		"heavy bombing"		PNS 11/14/01, FP 11/15/01

November 15

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Kandahar area	Kandahar	8	bombs		Indep. 11/15/01

November 16 -
(start of Ramaḍaan)

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
East and center Kandahar	Kandahar	8 - 12+	bombs	night and early morning raids;worst bombing yet of city; hit mosque and foreign ministry	FP 11/17/01, PNS 11/16/01, AFP 11/15/01, Dawn 11/17/01
Kandahar city	Kandahar	-	bomb	hit UN de-mining bldgs	Dawn 11/17/01
Spin Shagga, Grow Tangi, Pehwasr towns	Khost and Paktia provinces	"many die"	bombs	heavy bombing	Pak. Obs. 11/17/01
Khurran tribal area	Pakistan		4 bombs	4 bombs land in Pakistan	Dawn 11/16/01
Mosque	Khost		500 lb bomb	bomb hit mosque	Reuters 11/16/01
Oil tanker trucks near Tungi, 10 mi. from Pakistan	Kandahar	-	helicopters destroyed them	US special forces attack resting truckers at night	Times 11/24/01

November 17

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Village, Charikar	Parvan	30+	bombs	Sat. night bombing killed off 2 families (on 16 and 14)	LAT 11/19/01
Maiwand, 70 kms. w. of Kandahar	Kandahar	42	bombs	kill nomads	T of I 11/19/01
Khost religious school	Khost	62	500 lb bomb	madrassa hit in Matta Cheena city	T of I 11/19/01, Pak. Obs. 11/18/01, Jang newsp. 11/18/01
Zani Khel village, 10 kms. w. of Khost	Khost	28	bomb	incl. 19 members of one family	T of I 11/19/01, PNS 11/19/01, Dawn 11/19/01
Gardez	Gardez	9	bomb	bombed Mullah Haqqani's home	Pak. Obs. 11/18/01
Khoga and Katway villages	Khost	4	bomb		Jang newsp. 11/18/01
Khan Abad village	Qandooz		heavy bombing		Jang newsp. 11/18/01

November 18

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Garikee Kah village		24	bomb	village near Torkham bombed	SMH 11/19/01
Shamshad village, 8 kms from border	Nangarhar	35	bomb		T of I 11/19/01, FP 11/19/01, Dawn 11/19/01, 11/20/01, AFP report, Pak. Obs. 11/19/01
Villages near Khanabad, 10 mi from Kunduz	Kunduz	100 - 150	carpet bombing		Indep. 11/19/01, LAT 11/19/01, Balt. Sun 11/20/01, Chic. Trib. 11/21/01
Kunduz area	Kunduz	(800)	carpet bombing		Hindustan Times 11/19/01
Kandahar city	Kandahar	6	bombs		Dawn 11/18/01 citing AFP
Village	Kundar	"killing scores of gypsies"	bomb		Pak. Obs. 11/19/01

November 19

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Gardez	Paktia	12	bomb	kills refugee family when bomb lands on UN mine clearing bldg	BBC News 11/19/01, PNS 11/19/01
Kunduz	Kunduz		carpet bombing	day and night	Pak. Obs. 11/20/01
Shamshad town	Khost	32	bomb	another bomb hitting rescue workers. Pre-dawn raid followed by another later	Pak. Obs. 11/20/01, citing AIP; Dawn 11/20/01

November 20

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Gluco village, near Khyber Pass	Nangarhar	7+4=11	bombs	villagers killed on 19th (7) and 20th (4)	Telegraph 11/21/01
Kandahar	Kandahar		bomb	day and night	Guardian 11/21/01
Kandahar	Kandahar	2	bomb		T of I 11/21/01, 11/22/01
Kunduz front line	Kunduz	40	bombs	hit mud houses	The AP 11/21/01

November 21

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Kandahar city	Kandahar	2		2 killed and 8 injured Tues. night	FP 11/22/01, Indep. 11/26/01 - Fisk; PNS 11/22/01
Herat	Herat	1	cluster bomb	bomblet explodes kills child	BBC News 11/22/01
Jalalabad and Ghazni areas	Nangargar and Ghazni			75 US airstrikes in these areas	Chic. Trib. 11/23/01
Kandahar, so.	Kandahar			dropped a 3rd daisy cutter near Kandahar	MSNBC news 11/21/01, FP 11/25/01
Khanabad area	Kunduz	kill dozens	B-52 bombing		Indep. 11/23/01
Herat	Herat	2	bomb	unexploded bomblet as children run overfield to retrieve food packages	Hindustan Times 11/29/01

November 22

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Asman Zia district	Paktia		bombed		AIP cited by Dawn 11/22/01
Khanabad	Kunduz	15	bombs		Pak. Obs. 11/24/01
Jalalabad	Nangarhar		bombed	city bombed	Chic. Trib. 11/23/01
Highways	Kandahar	2	helicopter gunship	destroy 2 fuel trucks on highway	FP 11/23/01
Kunduz	Kunduz	7	bomb		Pak. Obs. 11/23/01
Kandahar suburbs	Kandahar	3	bomb		Pak. Obs. 11/23/01
Paktia, Helmand, Neemoze provinces	various		bombs		Pak. Obs. 11/23/01

November 23

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
5 WFP trucks	Kandahar		bombs	damaged by bombing	S. Bunker reported in Dawn 11/23/01
Kandahar	Kandahar		bomb	bomb city	Indep. 11/26/01 - Fisk
Lashkargah and Kandahar	Kandahar	17	bomb		FP 11/23/01
Kunduz	Kunduz	40	bomb	front-line mud villages	FP 11/25/01
Kunduz area	Kunduz	"dozens of civilians"	bombs		SG. news 11/23/01
Kunduz area	Kunduz	"dozens killed" my est. 30	bombs		Sg.news 11/23/01, T of I 11/24/01, PNS 11/24/01
Kandahar	Kandahar	24+	bombs		Pak. Obs. 11/24/01
Katway village	Khost	2	bomb	bomb hits house, kills mother+child	PNS 11/24/01
Chagoti village	Khost	1	bomb	bombed house, kills child	Jang newsp. 11/24/01
-	Khost, Paktia, Helmand, Kunduz, Kandahar	"kills 2 dozen+"	bombs		Pak. Obs. 11/24/01

November 24

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Upper Kurram agency area, Tori Mingal village		8 - 13	bombs	bombs border area	Hindustan Times 11/24/01, Dawn 11/25/01, Pak. Obs. 11/25/01
Pakistan and Paktia	Paktia		B-52 drop cluster bombs		AP 11/25/01, Pak. Obs. 11/25/01

November 25

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Kandahar city	Kandahar	"killing civilians"	AC-130s and jets		Jang newsp. 11/26/01
Kandahar city area	Kandahar	92	bombs	incl. 18 women, 7 children	Dawn 11/26/01
Takhta-Pal area	Kandahar		AC-130s	bombed city center+highways	Indep. 11/26/01 - Fisk
Kunduz area	Kunduz	70	B-52 cluster bombing		PNS 11/28/01, Hindustan Times 11/27/01
Adha village	Kandahar	6	bombing	6 tribesmen killed	Dawn 11/26/01

November 26

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Spin Baldak and Takteh Pal	Kandahar
Kandahar city	Kandahar		marine jets and AC-130s		Hindustan Times 11/26/01
Gorko village	Nangarhar	3	unexploded bomb goes off	kills 3 children who were gathering scrap metal from prior bombing	FP 11/27/01

November 27

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Zar Karez village, east of Kandahar-Pak. highway	Kandahar		cluster bombs	bombs rain down on village	LAT 12/1/01
Hamlet	Kandahar	15	bombs	hit Hamlet between airport and city. All 5 houses destroyed. Mohammed Khan's family killed	T of I 12/3/01
Lashkargah, Shorawek, Baba Sahib, Dehellah	Helmand and Kandahar		bombs	heavy bombing	Dawn 11/28/01

November 28

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
N. and e. of Kandahar	Kandahar		B-52 bombing		Jang newsp. 11/29/01
Takteh Pal and Spin Boldak	Kandahar		bomb	destroy 15 buses	Jang newsp. 11/29/01
Kariz village	Kandahar	6	bomb	village destroyed. Hit home of Mahmut, kills his 5 children	Indep. 12/4/01

November 29

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Kandahar	Kandahar		bombing	heavy	Hindustan Times 11/30/01

November 30

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Kandahar	Kandahar	"dozens of people" killed, 20 est.	bombs		Pak. Obs. 12/1/01
Kandahar, Spin Boldak, Helmand, Lashkargah, Tora Bora	various		bomb		Pak. Obs. 12/1/01
Fuel tanker trucks	Herat highway	4+	bombs	hit 2 tanker trucks on highway to Herat	Pak. Obs. 12/1/01

December 1

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Village, Kama Ado, 30 mi. so. of Jalalabad	Nangarhar	50-200 (100 est)	B-52 drop 25 bombs in 4 passes	30 houses destroyed	T of I 12/2/01, 12/1/01, Indep. 12/2/01 - Parry, Indep. 12/4/01, Jang newsp. 12/2/01
Kandahar city, Spin Boldak	Kandahar		B-52	day and night bombing	Reuters 12/1/01
4 trucks, 5 buses	Kandahar	30	bombs	hit on highway Kandahar Spin Boldak	Reuters 12/1/01
Talkhel and Balut villages	Nangarhar	50	B-52	bomb villages in White Mtns.	Indep. 12/2/01, CNN.com 12/1/01
Gudara	Nangarhar	-	bombs	village elder recounts bombs injuring 17, 60 animals	Irish Times 12/1/01
Chperagem village	Nangarhar	28	bombs		BBC News 12/1/01
Agam district, 38 kms so. of Jalalabad	Nangarhar	20	bombs		Indep. 12/3/01, PNS 12/3/01
3 refugee vehicles in Arghisan	Kandarhar	15	bomb	near Maji Hotel	Dawn 12/2/01
Jada area	Herat	30+	bombs		Dawn 12/2/01

December 2

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
S. Kandahar	Kandahar	13	bombs		BBC News 12/2/01, FP 12/4/01
Spin Boldak	Kandahar	15	bomb	jeep bombed	T of I 12/3/01, FP 12/3/01, Dawn 12/2/01
Bombing vehicles on highways	Kandahar	12-30	bomb	6 vehicles bombed	Pak. Obs. 12/3/01
Kili Sarnud Hamlet near Tora Bora	Nangarhar	50	bomb	hamlet destroyed	Indep. 12/4/01 - Fisk
Lashkargah	Kandahar	46	bomb		Indep. 12/4/01 - Fisk
Bibi Mahru		12	bomb		Indep. 12/4/01 - Fisk
Agam district, Landikhiel village	Nangarhar	8 - 11	bomb	flattens guest house	PNS 12/4/01, LAT 12/3/01, Indep. 12/4/01 - Parry

December 3

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
White Mtns, so. of Jalalabad, Tora Bora	Nangarhar	58	B-52	58 die, Sund-Monday	T of India 12/6/01
White Mtns, so. of Jalalabad, Tora Bora	Nangarhar	115	B-52	115 die, last 5 days (Dec 2-6)	T of India 12/6/01
Kandahar city	Kandahar	6-20	B-52		Dawn 12/4/01, Pak. Obs. 12/4/01
Argandab town	Kandahar	17			T of I 12/4/01
Two bridges in city	Kandahar	-			FP 12/4/01
Dahla bridge, 10 mi. no. of Kandahar	Kandahar	"number of casualties is unknown"			Guardian, 12/7/01

December 4

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Tora Bora and Mawal villages	Nangarhar		B-52 bombs	-	LAT 12/5/01
Tora Bora villages	Nangarhar	42	B-52 bombs	-	Pak. Obs. 12/5/01
Kandahar	Kandahar	4	B-52 bombs	bomb hit clinic	Pak. Obs. 12/5/01
-	Khost, Paktia		B-52 bombs	heavy bombing	Pak. Obs. 12/5/01
Ambulance	Kandahar	4	bombs	hits ambulance in Kandahar	Hindustan Times 12/4/01
Gardez	Logar		bombs		Hindustan Times 12/4/01
Kandahar area	Kandahar		bombs	heavy bombing	Hindustan Times 12/4/01

December 5

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Tora Bora area	Nangarhar	80	B-52 bombing	reported deaths during last few days by Medecins Sans Frontiers	BBC News Online 12/6/01

December 6

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Highway from Kandahar to Spin Boldak	Kandahar	"dozens of casualties"	bombs	witnesses report	BBC News Online 12/6/01
Kandahar and White Mtns.	Kandahar, Nangarhar	"80 more people, mostly civilians"		mountain villages near Tora Bora bombed	Pak. Obs. 12/7/01
Highway Kandahar to Spin Boldak	Kandahar		bombs	3 Pakistani trucks carrying fresh fruits hit	Dawn 12/9/01

December 7

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Tora Bora area	Nangarhar		B-52 drop 2000 lb bomb	many injured…."had left children with blood oozing out of their ears"	Jang newsp. 12/9/01
Ammunition dump	Kandahar	"killing unspecified number of people"	bomb	hit ammunition dump inside a madrassah	Dawn 12/9/01
Tora Bora	Nangarhar		B-52s and jets	raids every 30 minutes	T of I 12/9/01
Airport area	Kandahar		15.000 lb/7.5 tn bomb	bomb dropped near Kandahar airport	Dawn 12/9/01

December 8

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Tora Bora area	Nangarhar		B-52s and F16	causing huge rockslides in mountains, killing people in villages	Dawn 12/9/01, CSM 12/11/01
Killi Modar near Mir Pul area	Kandahar	8	bomb	Village houses destroyed	Dawn 12/10/01
Tora Bora	Nangarhar		15,000 lb /7.5tn bomb	dropped in area where Al Q. leaders thought to be. 4th such bomb dropped.	T of I 12/11/01, Jang Newsp. 12/11/01
Caves in mountains n. of Kandahar	Kandahar		157 sorties on Sunday	intense bombing of mtns. No. of Kandahar and so. Of Jalalabad	Jang newsp. 12/11/01

December 9

Location	Province	Civilian deaths	Weapon	Commentary	Sources
Mashkhel village	Paktia	10	jet bombs	damaged residences and mosques in noon attack. eyewitness report 2 weeks ago 45 bombs killed 4. Target was abandoned Taliban base	Jang Newsp. 12/12/01
Tora Bora	Nangarhar		80-85 strikes by F18s, B-52s, carpet bombing of B-52s and jets	bombing stopped in pm as NA faces moved up mtns.	Guardian 12/10/01, HT 12/11/01
Khost	Paktia	24+	jet bomb	madrassa and a mosque hit. Target was home of Mullah Haqqani.Raid took place during evening prayer time	Jang Newsp. 12/12/01

Index to abbreviations of news sources

FP - The Frontier Post [Peshawar] BBC News - BBC News Online Pak Obs - Pakistan Observer PNS - PakNews Online Chic Trib - Chicago Tribune LAT - Los Angeles Times TofI - Times of India AFP - Agence France-Presse WP - Washington Post Indep - The Independent [UK] WforCh - Working for Change OTN - Out There News AIP - Afghan Islamic Press [Islamabad] RAWA - Revolutionary Afghan Women's Association SMH - Sydney Morning Herald A.P - The Associated Press HT - The Hindustan Times HRW - Human Rights Watch Times - The Times [London] Al Jaz - Al Jazeera network SABC - South African Broadcasting Corporation Sg.news - The Singapore News Jang.newsp - The Jang newspapers of Pakistan Balt. Sun - The BaltimoreSun

Note: Since I have published the above tabulation, a question has been raised about whether the sources for a particular incident I cite might all be relying upon a single news agency report. As far as I know---and frequently newspaper articles do NOT mention the particular news press release or particular possible on-site reporter---I have NOT deliberately engaged in such practice. I do believe that if separate newspaper stories report a particular story [without expressing reservations], then this reflects a de facto judgement by the newspaper staff about the veracity of the report and I count this as a separate source. Frequently, different sources mention different civilian casualty figures and most of the time, I have chosen the lowest number. I might add that if reports give different figures, they most likely do NOT come from the same source. Whenever possible, I have tried to locate first-hand reports, or statements by persons present [and still alive!] of a bombing incident. If a 'story' presents more a detailed account, I have lent it greater credibility.